High temperature nickel-based alloys
High corrosion resistant alloys
Nickel-based alloys are always used when materials are exposed to the most extreme corrosive environments. They exhibit particularly high resistance to a wide range of aggressive media. Where stainless steels can no longer withstand strong alkalis, acids or highly concentrated salt solutions, i.e. where they begin to rust, highly corrosion-resistant nickel-base alloys are used. Examples include desulfurization machines, offshore applications, seawater applications, condensers and coolers.
A typical example is the Alloy C276 (2.4819). This is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy with exceptional resistance in many corrosive aqueous media, especially reducing and oxidizing acids. This material is one of the few materials resistant to hypochlorites, wet chlorine gas and chlorine dioxide.
Material number
EN DIN
UNS
Product
1.4529
X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-7/ X1NiCrMoCu25 20 6
N08926
2.4060
Ni99,6
N02200
2.4061
LC-Ni99,6
N02205
2.4068
LC-Ni99
N02201
2.4360
(S-)NiCu30Fe/ NiCu30
N04400
2.4602
NiCr21Mo14W
N06022
2.4642
NiCr29Fe
N06690
2.4819
NiMo16Cr15W
N10276
2.4856
NiCr22Mo9Nb/Inconel 625 LCF
N06625
2.4858
NiCr21Mo
N08825
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High temperature nickel-based alloys
The increase in certain alloying elements and a very low iron concentration result in very good high-temperature and tensile strength properties that stainless steel cannot match. They are used in areas where components are permanently exposed to high temperatures with simultaneous high demands on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Some alloys exhibit extreme high-temperature resistance up to 1200°C, which is required, for example, in furnace construction. Other applications include drive technology, heat exchangers and reactor construction.
Alloy 601 (2.4851) is a nickel-chromium-iron alloy with excellent oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. The very good scale resistance in combination with the high-temperature strength allow operating temperatures up to 1150°C. This material is also characterized by good resistance in oxidizing and sulphur-containing media as well as under carburizing conditions combined with good mechanical properties, both under short and long-term stress.
Material number
EN DIN
UNS
Product
2.4665
NiCr19Fe19Nb5Mo3
N06002
2.4816
NiCr15Fe/ NiCr15Fe8
N06600
2.4851
NiCr23Fe15/NiCr23Fe15Al
N06601
2.4876
X10NiCrAlTi32-21/ X10NiCrAlTi32-20
N08800
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Nickel superalloys
Nickel-based superalloys, such as 2.4650/Alloy 263 and 2.4668/Alloy 718, combine corrosion and high-temperature resistance. Nickel superalloys are used in extreme environments, including aircraft engine construction, chemical machines and gas turbine construction.
Alloy 718 is a precipitation hardenable nickel-chromium alloy with additions of niobium, molybdenum, aluminium and titanium for improved corrosion resistance combined with high strength. Alloy 718 has excellent creep rupture strength at temperatures up to 700 °C. Alloy 718 can be supplied in the solution-annealed condition to facilitate machining, and then heat-treated to achieve full strength. On request, the material can be supplied in the precipitation-treated condition.
Material number
EN DIN
UNS
Product
2.4650
NiCo20Cr20MoT
N07263
2.4668
NiCr19NbMo
N07718
2.4669
NiCr15Fe7TiAl
N07750
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Expansion alloys
Even under extreme temperature fluctuations, expansion alloys have high length stability. In the range of normal ambient temperatures, this nickel-based alloy maintains almost constant dimensions, but also has an extremely low coefficient of expansion in the lowest and highest temperature ranges from -20°C up to +500°C. Main application areas are glass-to-metal junctions, chip base plates, measurement and control devices, bimetallic components, thermostatic bimetals and OLED frames.
A classic example is the material Alloy 36 (1.3912), a nickel-iron alloy with low thermal expansion and a nickel content of 36%. The material is dimensionally stable in atmospheric temperature. This alloy retains its good tensile strength and toughness even in the low-temperature range.
Material number
EN DIN
UNS
Product
1.3912
X10Ni 36
K93600
1.3917
X10Ni42
K94100
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Overview of all nickel-based alloys
Specialy Alloys: material standard DIN 10095, DIN 17740 - 17750, DIN 17860; Standard of dimension and shape DIN EN ISO 9445-1, DIN EN ISO 9445-2 / DIN 59746 Mass fraction in % | |||||||||||||
EN-material number | EN-Code | ASTM / AISI | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Ni | Mo | Others | Rp0,2 [MPa] | Rp1,0 [MPa] | Rm | A80 [min.%] |
1.3912 | Alloy 36 | K93600 | 0,05 | 0,30 | 0,80 | 0,25 | 35-37 | - | P 0,01; S 0,01; Fe Rest | - | - | - | - |
1.3917 | Alloy 42 | K94100 | 0,03 | 0,30 | 0,80 | 0,25 | 40-43 | - | P 0,025; S 0,025 0,03; Fe Rest | - | - | - | - |
1.4529 | Alloy 926 | N08926 | 0,02 | 0,5 | 2,0 | 19-21 | 24-26 | 6-7 | P 0,03; S 0,01; N 0,18-0,25; | ≥ 295 | - | ≥ 650 | ≥ 35 |
1.4876 | Alloy 800 | N08800 | 0,10 | 1,0 | 1,5 | 19-23 | 30-35 | - | S 0,0015; Cu 0,75; Al 0,15-0,6; | ≥ 205 | - | ≥ 520 | ≥ 30 |
2.4060 / | Ni 200/201 | N02201 | 0,02 | 0,35 | 0,35 | - | ≥ 99 | - | S 0,01; Cu 0,25; Fe 0,40 | ≥ 80 | - | ≥ 345 | ≥ 40 |
2.4360 | Alloy 400 | N04400 | 0,3 | 0,5 | 2,0 | - | ≥ 63 | - | S 0,024; Cu 28-34; Fe 2,5 | ≥ 195 | - | ≥ 480 | ≥ 35 |
2.4602 | Alloy C22 | N06022 | 0,015 | 0,08 | 0,5 | 20-22,5 | Rest | 12,5-14,5 | P 0,02; S0,02; Fe 2-6; Co 2,5; | ≥ 310 | - | ≥ 690 | ≥ 45 |
2.4642 | Alloy 690 | N06690 | 0,05 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 27-31 | ≥ 58 | - | Fe 7-11; Cu 0,5; s 0,015; | - | - | - | - |
2.4650 | Alloy C263 | N07263 | 0,08 | - | - | 19-21 | Rest | 5,6-6,1 | Fe 0,7; Co 19-21; Al 0,3-0,6; | - | - | - | - |
2.4665 | Alloy HX | N06002 | 0,05-0,15 | 1,0 | 1,0 | 20,5-23 | Rest | 8-10 | P 0,04; S 0,03; Co 0,5-2,5; | ≥ 240 | - | ≥ 655 | ≥ 35 |
2.4668 | Alloy 718 | N07718 | 0,02-0,08 | - | - | 17-21 | 50-55 | 2,8-3,3 | Ti 0,7-1,15; Al 0,3-0,7; Nb 4,8-5,5 | ≤ 550 | - | ≤ 965 | ≥ 30 |
2.4669 | Alloy 750 | N07750 | 0,08 | 0,5 | 1,0 | 14-17 | ≥ 70 | - | P 0,03; S 0,015; Cu 0,5; Al 0,4-1; | ≥ 890 | - | ≥ 800 | ≥ 40 |
2.4816 | Alloy 600 | N06600 | 0,05-0,1 | 0,5 | 1,0 | 14-17 | ≥ 72 | - | P 0,02; S 0,015; Cu 0,5; Fe 6-10 | ≥ 240 | - | ≥ 500 | ≥ 30 |
2.4819 | Alloy C276 | N10276 | 0,01 | 0,08 | 1,0 | 14,5-16,5 | Rest | 15-17 | P 0,04; S 0,03; Fe 4-7; Co 2,5; | ≥ 283 | - | ≥ 690 | ≥ 40 |
2.4851 | Alloy 601 | N06601 | 0,1 | 0,5 | 1,0 | 21-25 | 58-63 | - | P 0,02; S 0,015; Cu 0,5; Al 1-1,7; | ≥ 205 | - | ≥ 550 | ≥ 30 |
2.4856 | Alloy 625 | N06625 | 0,01 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 20-23 | ≥ 58 | 8-10 | P 0,015; S 0,015; Al 4; Ti 4; | ≥ 276 | - | ≥ 690 | ≥ 30 |
2.4858 | Alloy 825 | N08825 | 0,05 | 0,5 | 1,0 | 19,5-23,5 | 38-46 | 2,5-3,5 | S 0,03; Fe 22; Cu 1,5-3; Al 0,2; | ≥ 235 | - | ≥ 580 | ≥ 30 |